In order to study the lateral resistance of reinforced glued-laminated timber post and beam structures, nine cyclic tests on full-scale one-storey, one-bay timber post and beam construction specimens were carried out. Two reinforcement methods (wrapping fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) and implanting self-tapping screws) and two structural systems (simple frame and knee-braced frame) were considered in the experimental tests. Based on the experimental phenomena and test results, feasibility of the reinforcement was discussed, contribution between different methods was evaluated, and the seismic performances of the specimens were studied. Results showed that both the two reinforcement methods could restrain the development of crack, and recover the strength, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity. It also showed that the lateral resistance could be improved significantly when the failed simple frame retrofitted by reinforcing the joint and adding knee-brace, and this approach can be very practical in engineering.