Eucalyptus is one of the most important plantation species in south China. The need of alternate applications of plantation grown hardwood species including eucalyptus is concerned because of the sharp decrease of the demands from pulp and paper industry. The feasibility of manufacturing cross-laminated timber (CLT) using fast-grown small diameter eucalyptus wood (Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis) was evaluated here. The effects of adhesives, priming treatment, adhesive spread rate, pressure, and pressing time duration on block shear strength (BSS), wood failure percentage (WFP), and rate of delamination (RD) of CLT via block shear tests and cyclic delamination tests. The results indicated that eucalyptus CLTs made of small diameter lumbers with four types of EP, EPI, PRF, and PUR adhesives could qualified bonding and mechanical requirements according to ANSI/APA PRG 320-2012. The maximum wood failure percentage (WFP) and block shear strength (BSS) values at dry stage condition were 85.2% and 3.51 MPa obtained from specimens bonded with PUR adhesive meanwhile those values at wet stage condition were 58.2% and 1.62 MPa obtained from specimens bonded with EPI and PUR adhesives, respectively. The minimum rate of delamination (RD) value was 7.6%, which was obtained from specimens bonded with PUR adhesive. The optimal pressing parameters were adhesive spread rate 160 g/m2, pressure 0.8 MPa, and pressing time duration 200 minutes when one-component polyurethane adhesive was used to manufacture eucalyptus CLT. The values of MOEs and MORs in the major and minor direction were 11,466 MPa, 24.5 MPa, 681 MPa, and 8.6 MPa, respectively. The values of transverse shear moduli and interlaminar shear strength in the major and minor strength were 91.8 MPa, 1.3 MPa, 241.6 MPa, and 0.5 MPa, respectively. The mechanical properties of eucalyptus CLT were equivalent to those of commercial CLT made of traditional softwoods available in market. Generally, HMR priming treatment was effective to enhance bonding performance and mechanical properties of eucalyptus CLTs. It is safe to conclude that fast-grown small diameter eucalyptus lumber was feasible to manufacture CLT for structural applications.