In this paper, the relations between the load-deformation property of the CLT connections and the seismic performance of the 3 story CLT construction are analytically discussed. The static and the dynamic properties of the CLT connections led each from the static and the dynamic tests were obviously different, however the analytical results based on these properties were agree each with the results of the static and the dynamic tests proving the adequateness of estimated properties. The further study on the dynamic effects of CLT connections is necessary.
The Japanese domestic forests have never been maintained enough, and it was a great fear that the multiple functions of the forest such as watershed conservation, the land conservation, and so on has been declined. The construction employing the cross laminates timber (CLT) panels was offered as a method of large scale building in domestic and foreign countries. However, the seismic design method of CLT panel construction has never completed. So, in order to consider the seismic design method, the shaking table tests and static lateral load tests were conducted to the modelized CLT panel construction.
The wood engineering community has dedicated a significant amount of effort over the last decades to establish a reliable predictive model for the load-carrying capacity of timber connections under wood failure mechanisms. Test results from various sources (Foschi and Longworth 1975; Johnsson 2003; Quenneville and Mohammad 2000; Stahl et al. 2004; Zarnani and Quenneville 2012a) demonstrate that for multi-fastener connections, failure of wood can be the dominant mode. In existing wood strength prediction models for parallel to grain failure in timber connections using dowel-type fasteners, different methods consider the minimum, maximum or the summation of the tensile and shear capacities of the failed wood block planes. This results in disagreements between the experimental values and the predictions. It is postulated that these methods are not appropriate since the stiffness in the wood blocks adjacent to the tensile and shear planes differs and this leads to uneven load distribution amongst the resisting planes (Johnsson 2004; Zarnani and Quenneville 2012a). The present study focuses on the nailed connections. A closed-form analytical method to determine the load-carrying capacity of wood under parallel-to-grain loading in small dowel-type connections in timber products is thus proposed. The proposed stiffness-based model has already been verified in brittle and mixed failure modes of timber rivet connections (Zarnani and Quenneville 2013b).
The national research project to investigate proper structural design method for CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) buildings has been advanced by the subsidy of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan since 2011. This paper provides the outline of shake table tests executed as a part of the project in February 2015. Two specimens, one (Specimen A) is five story and another (Specimen B) is three story, were tested. As the result, for both specimens damage was rather slight by the strong input wave according to the Building Standard Law of Japan. Finally, Specimen A survived three dimensional input wave of 100% of JMA Kobe (strong ground motion recorded during Kobe Earthquake in 1995), and Specimen B survived 140% of JMA Kobe.
In this paper, the results of lateral loading tests on two types of CLT shear wall systems with an opening are summarized, one is the shear wall system with assembling narrow size CLT panels and another is that using one large size panel with an opening. 8 types, 13 specimens in all were tested. Load-displacement curves were obtained and characteristic values of shear performance were derived. As a result, the assembly system revealed higher ductility because of the ductility of connections between panels, while the rapture of large panel system was brittle though the shear capacity was higher than the assembly system.
In this paper, the general process and results of the seismic design on four buildings with Japanese CLT construction after 2014 based on the time history response analysis as the only legal structural design method in Japan at the present moment, are shown. As a result, it is recognized that the buildings has enough seismic performance for the regulation of seismic design in Japan.
In this paper, the general process and results of the seismic design on a 3-story building with Japanese Sugi CLT construction based on the time history response analysis as the only legal structural design method in Japan at the present moment, are shown. As a result, it is recognized that the building has enough seismic performance for the regulation of seismic design in Japan
Structural possibility of CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) buildings in Japan is supposed to be smaller than that in other countries because of high seismic risk. In this paper, dealing 2 kind of middle-rise CLT panel construction method as objectives, the required wall quantity from the structural design method ruled in the building standard low of Japan is examined based on the knowledge from the national research project carrying out by the subsidy of MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism) of Japan since 2011, and on the Japanese government notifications on structural design of CLT buildings issued on Apr. 1, 2016. As result, the required wall quantity in construction methods using rectangular narrow panel is generally regarded as practicable. However, reduction of wall quantity is expected for prevalence of CLT buildings. On the other hand, in construction methods using large rectangular panels with opening(s), the required wall quantity is confirmed generally 1.6 times larger than the former indicating poor practicability
Study on Seismic Performance of Building Construction with Cross Laminated Timber: Part 14: Deformation of Joints and Fracture Behavior on Three Story Full-Scale Static Load Test
This paper gives a bibliographical review of the finite element methods (FEMs) applied in the analysis of wood. The added bibliography at the end of this article contains 300 references to papers and conference proceedings on the subject that were published between 1995 and 2004. The following topics are included: Wood as a construction material—material and mechanical properties; wood joining and fastening; fracture mechanics problems; drying process, thermal properties; other topics. Wood products and structures—lumber; glulam, panels, wood composites; trusses and frames; floors, roofs; bridges; other products/structures.
Study on Seismic Performance of Building Construction with Cross Laminated Timber: Part 16: Ex Post Fact Analysis for the Static Test of the Full Scale 3-Story Model
Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) has been developed mainly for the region of high seismicity for the last three decades. Though abundant information on PBEE is available throughout the world, the application of this PBEE to the moderate-seismicity regions such as their maximum considered earthquake being less than magnitude 6.5 is not always straightforward because some portion of the PBEE may not be appropriate in these regions due to the environment different from the high-seismicity regions. This paper reviews the state-of-art in PBEE briefly. Then, the seismic hazard in moderate-seismicity regions including Korean Peninsula is introduced with its unique characteristics. With this seismic hazard, representative lowrise RC MRF structures and high-rise RC residential wall structures are evaluated by using PBEE approach. Also, the range of forces and deformations of the representative building structures in Korea is given. Based on these reviews, some ideas for the use of PBEE to improve the state-of-practice in moderate-seismicity regions are proposed.
