This paper presents preliminary results from an experimental program investigating the dynamic behaviour of glulam beams and columns subjected to simulated blast loads. A total of eight glulam beams and columns were tested destructively under static and dynamic loads. Based on the dynamic tests conducted on the beams, an increase in strength under dynamic loading, relative to that measured under the static loading, was observed. A material predictive model that accounts for high strain-rate effects is developed. The experimental displacement-time histories were reasonably well predicted through a single-degree-of-freedom approach which used the proposed resistance model as input.
In this paper, it is attempted to study possible sustainability solutions for building structures. In this context, comparisons are made between two load-bearing columns with different building materials – glued laminated timber and concrete – with regard to structural design, economic consequences and the emission of greenhouse gases. In terms of structural design, the results show that with small axial forces, glulam columns will result in smaller cross-sectional areas compared to concrete columns. However, at larger axial forces, concrete columns will result in smaller cross-sectional areas than glulam columns. An increased column length also means larger dimensions for glulam columns, but this does not always apply to concrete columns. With respect to environmental impact, it is shown that using glulam columns is the more environmentally friendly option. From an economic point of view, the cost estimates for glulam and concrete columns may vary depending on the country and the abundance of the construction material. In Sweden, a forest-rich country, it is shown that the costs for both column types are quite similar considering small axial loads. At higher axial loading, concrete is generally the cheaper alternative.
International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering
Summary
This paper investigates the mechanical performance of longitudinally cracked glulam columns under eccentric compression loads. Experimental investigation was conducted to explore the influence of initial cracks on the failure modes and load bearing capacity of glulam columns. Two different crack patterns named DC and IC, and two column lengths (i.e. 600 and 1100 mm) were considered in the experiments. It was indicated that these two crack patterns reduced the capacity of slender glulam columns and the difference of failure modes was observed between glulam columns with and without initial cracks. Further, a numerical model was developed and validated by the test results. With the application of cohesive zone material model, the propagation of initial cracks could be considered in the numerical modeling. A parametric study was carried out by the verified model and the influence of crack lengths and crack locations was further investigated. From the numerical analysis, it was found that through cracks reduced the capacity of glulam columns significantly. Also, crack location impacts the capacity of glulam columns and the extent of impact relates to the slenderness ratio of the columns, while cracks with different lengths have similar influence on the capacity of columns.
This paper deals with assessment of glulam twinned columns to beam circular bolted connection. This kind of connection is used for embedded assembly. Because of the moisture content variations, cracks often occur in the direction parallel to the grain. The aim of the study is to understand the mechanism responsible of the cracks happening. In the same time, another aim of this study is to evaluate the residual resistance of a damaged assembly. The assembly has been designed according to Eurocode 5. Two different initial conditions have been tested. For the first assembly, the columns and the beam have been dried before machining and tested dry. For the second assembly, the beam was wet and the columns were dry before machining, then the assembly was tested dry. The difference of moisture content implies a huge tensile strain in the direction perpendicular to the grain of the columns before loading. In order to qualify the assembly behavior, strain gauges techniques have been used. This analysis allows a better understanding of the phenomenon of cracks initiation and propagation due to the coupled effect of shrinkage/swelling and loading.
The paper examines the behaviour of structural timber members subjected to axial compression or combined axial compression and bending. Based on experimental and numerical investigations, the accuracy of the existing approach in Eurocode 5 for the design of timber members subjected to axial compression or combined axial compression and bending is assessed and modifications are suggested. By means of extensive experimental investigations, a data base was created for the validation of calculation models and for the assessment of design concepts. In order to assess the behaviour of timber members subjected to axial compression or combined axial compression and bending, strain-based calculation models were developed.
The investigations indicate that the existing approach of Eurocode 5 based on 2nd order analysis can lead to an overestimation of the load-bearing capacity. Hence, a modified design approach was developed which agrees with the results of the Monte Carlo simulations very well and thus ensures a safe and economical design of timber members subjected to compression or combined compression and bending.
Project contact is Rokib Hassan at the National Research Council of Canada
Summary
Phase two of a four-phased research project, with the overarching goal of developing transparent intumescent coating (TIC) for mass timber construction, which would be technology certified, IP protected and licensed out. The use of TIC would ensure that fire resistance rating requirements are met while reducing the need for encapsulation, resulting in increased overall aesthetics provided by timber. Phase two focuses on demonstrating a proof-of-concept on a small scale and optimizing the TIC formula and coating thickness based on the testing results. Small scale tests will be conducted to measure fire resistance, weatherability and fire toxicity.
In Japan, the moment resistance connections of large-scale timber building are inefficiency in terms of time and economic, because connections and column base hardware are custom-made to obtain the required performance. To improve this problem, it is necessary to unify standardization of their connection. At first, in this study, we focused on column-base connection, the horizontal...
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